MIZORAM POLITICS HUN HMASA LAM – II

Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak Jan. 2, 2021 Kum 1889 atanga British in min awp kha kan ram leilung leh a hausakna lam it vang ni loin anni hnampui zawk chuan Chanchin Tha eng hnuai atanga khawvel ningkhawng min hmuh tir an duh vang a ni ber zawk a, hei hi Chunglamin kan tana a ruat a nih ngei pawh a rinawm tlat a ni. Min awptu Bawrhsap hmasaber hi Capt. Browne I.A niin kum 1889 atanga 1892 thleng khan min awp a, chutih lai chuan Superintendent tih niloin Political Officer tih an ni a, Mizoram hi awp hlen an tum tawh zawk vang chuan ruahmanna mumal tak an nei a. Schedule District Act (XIV of 1874) thu angin British India hnuaia khung luh kan nihna pawh kum 1895 vel khan puan fel vek nghal a ni a. Mizoram chu hmun hnihah thenin Kum 1897 thleng khan Chhim lam chu Bengal Province lamah awmin, Hmar lam chu Assam Province lamah min dah a. Nimahsela a hnu lawk kum 1898 April ni khat chuan Assam Province lamah min khungkhawm leh ta a ni. Indian Penal Code (IPC) hi British India a hman atan kum 1860 ah siam a ni a (Act No. XLV of 1860). Scheduled District Act 1874 (XIV of 1874) a Section 5 thuneihna hmangin, IPC pawh chu kum 1898 ah Lushai Hills (Mizoram) an huamtir ta nghe nghe a. Kum 1912-a Bengal, Bihar, Orissa leh Assam ramri an siam khan Assam Province ah min beh ngheh tir ta a ni. British sorkarin min awp hian thuneihna pawh thuang thuma kal tir a niin, thuang khat chu Autocracy – Mimal thuneihna niin Bawrhsap (Superintendent) in a kengkawh a. Thuang khat leh chu Theocracy – Sakhaw dan hmanga rorelna a ni a, Zosap (Missionary) te’n an chelh thung a, Thuang khat dang leh chu Hnam dan hmanga rorelna niin Mizo lalte’n an chawm chho nghal a ni. Thuneihna sang taka thuam Bawrhsap leh Missionary te chuan Aizawl hi hmunpui atan an hmang ve ve a, Bawrhsap hi tuna Raj Bhawan an tih tak hmunah hian a cheng a, D.C Office hi pisa atan a hmang bawk a ni. Zosapte erawh chu tuna Mission veng kan tihah hian an cheng thung a, rawngbawlna hmunpui atan an hmang nghal baawk a. Missionaryte rawn tir chhuaktu London atang chuan thuneihna sang taka a thuamte an nih vangin an khawsakna ‘Mission Compound’ chu Vatican City ang mai khuan tu thuneihna hnuaiah mah a kun bik lo a ni. Khawvel Indopui Pahnihna (1939-1945) a tawp thleng khan Lushai Hills-ah political party a la awm ngai lo va. Kum 1943 July atanga 1947 May thlenga Zoram Bawrhsap, Superintendent chu ARH Macdonald a ni. Macdonald Sap hma chiaha Zoram Bawrhsap chu AG McCall (1931-1943) a ni. Chutih lai chuan Mizoram hi Sub-Division hnihah thenin Hmar lam chu North Lushai Hills tih a niin Aizawl chu hmunpui atan hman a ni a, chutiang bawkin Chhim lam chu South Lushai Hills tih a ni bawka Lunglei chu hmunpui atan hman leh bawk a ni. Sub-Division hi Circle-a la thensawm leh a ni bawk a, North Lushai Hills chu Circle 10 a then a ni a, South Lushai Hills pawh Circle 7 ah thendarh an ni. Heng enkawl tur hian Circle tinah Circle Interpreter (C.I) pakhat zel dah a ni leh a. Kum 1935 lam atanga Chhim bial lalho te’n Conference an lo neih thin tawh ang chuan Bawrhsap Mc Call-a hovin Hmar bial lamah pawh an nei ve ta a. Ram hmasawnna leh mipuite thawvenna kawng nia an hriat te an rêlho deuh ber thin. Chungah chuan Mizo lal 400 dawn lai te chu kal kim barh a harsa a, chuvangin C.I Bial tin lalte chu Lalho Conference-a tel turin aiawh pakhat zel thlantir an ni ta a. Chungho, kum 1940 October thlaa thlanchhuah lal 26 te chuan Bawrhsap leh a thuihruaite nen 1941 October ni 13 leh 14 khan Thenzawlah ram pum huap Lalho Conference vawi khatna an hmang ta a. Kha Conference kha Mizote’n Democracy zepui, aiawh thlan chhuahte rorelna (representative principle) kan hman tanna a tih theih awm e. Bawrhsap rorelna leh Missionaryte rawngbawlna hi a inpawlh buai lohna turin an inkarah ramri fel taka kham a nih mai bakah thuneihna huang chin tur ruat a ni a. Bawrhsap chuan kutke atan Mizo Lalte chu hmangin rorelna a nei a, thubuai khirh zual (criminal) a rel deuh ber thin. In chhiah (House tax) leh sorkar phalna (Licence) ngai chi thil neite hnen atangin fee a khawn bawk a. Thildang Mizo dan taka rel chi Leiman (Land revenue) te pawh kum 1890 a Mizo Lalte nena inremna an siamah khan ram leilung chhunga thuneihna leh an rorel khawl, Chieftainship Institution nuaibo a nih loh avangin Mizo Lalte chuan an chang vek a ni. Hetih lai hian Missionaryte chuan Pathian hnena ringlomite hruai hna chu an thawk berin Pathianthu awiha mite an siam chho a, kohhran an din mai bakah zirna Inte pawh an din chho zel a, an enkawl zui zel bawk a ni. British sorkar hian kum 1889 atanga Mizoram awp turin Bawrhsap a rawn dah tan a, chutih rualin Missionary pawh kum 1894 atangin a rawn dah nghal bawk a. British hian Kum 1947-a British sorkar hnuai ata India in zalenna a hmuh thleng khan min awpin kum 57 lai min awp hman a ni. Chutih chhung chuan British Bawrhsap 30 lai kan hrawn hman a, kum 1897-a North Lushai Hills leh South Lushai Hills te suihfin a nih hma amite kha chu Political Officer tih an ni a, suihfin hnuah erawh chuan Superintendent tih an ni ta thung a. Hetiang bawk hian Zosap Missionaryte hi 62 lai Zoram chhunga rawngbawlna neiin an lo chhuak hman bawk a, Hmar lamah Missionary 37 in rawngbawlna an nei a, Zoram Chhim lamah Missionary 25 in rawngbawlna an nei thung a ni. Heng kan Missionary hmasate phei hi chuan India Independent 1947 hnuah pawh khan rei tak min la chenchilh a, nimahsela Zoram buaiah khan lohtheihlohin an ram lamah hnawh kir an ni ta a nih kha.