CHAIRMAN MAO ROPUINA

Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak

Oct. 5, 2023

 

Khawvel ram hruaitu ropui tam tak zingah hian a hming sawi ban theih ngai tawh loh tur pakhat awm chu Mao Zedong hi a ni. Vawiin thleng pawha China mipuiin ’Chairman Mao’ tia an la koh hi Mao Tse-Tung ti pawha hriat lar a ni bawk a. Dec. 26, 1893-ah khan Hunan Province chhunga Hsiangtan bial Shaoshan khuaah a piangin, apa chu Mao Kuo-fan niin leilet nei mi a ni. A nu pawh hi lehkha thiam lo ni mahsela Buddhist sakhaw vuan leh sakhaw ngaihsak mi tak a ni a, chu chuan Mao-a pawh a kaihruai tha hle thin.  

Mao-a hian lehkha a zir laiin an zirtirtu Yan-a chuan mahni hnam rote theihnghilh lo tur leh khawthlang finna leh thiamna an zirte chu Chinese culture thlak nan leh culture thar zawn nan niloin Chinese culture tuai thar leh nana hmang turin a zirtir thin a. Chung thute chuan a thinlung a hnehin a khawih hle a, a damchhung nun tidanglamtu pawh a tih theih hial awm e. Kum naupangte a nih lai atang tawhin ram leh hnam veina lamah ke a pen tawh a, a lehkha zir laia a lehkhabu chhiar Great Heroes of the World bua Russia – Peter the Great te, English – Wellington te, France – Rousseau leh Napoleon, America – Washington leh Lincoln te chanchin a chhiarte chuan a thinlung a hneh thin hle a. Changsha-a school a kal lai phei chuan ‘Revolutionary Shock Troop’ pawl a din nghe nghe a ni.  

China ram hi Lal chhungkaw rorelna (Dynasty) hrang hrang sawm chuang zetin an lo awp tawh thin a. China ram awptu lal chhungkaw hnuhnung ber chuan kum 1644 khan lalna changin rorelna a nei tan a, chu dynasty chu Ming Dynasty a ni. Ming Dynasty chu Manchus chuan a hneh a, Qing (Ch’ing) Dynasty chu a lo piang chhuak leh a. khawpui atan Beijing an thlangin kum zabi chanve chhung zet China ramah rorelna an nei a ni. Kum zabi 19-na alo thlen chuan Qing thuneihna chu a lo chak lo tial tial a, an hausaknate pawh alo tlahniam zel a. China chuan buaina nasa tak a tawkin economics lamah an thang hleithei bawk loin mihring an lo pung chak zel bawk nen chuan China ram chuan harsatna nasa tak a tawk chho a. Chutianga harsatna an tawh mek lai chuan khawthlang lam ramte chuan China chu an lo bei zel bawkin kum 1840-ah phei chuan Opium War a thleng hial a nih kha. Chu Opium War-ah chuan China chu hnehin a awm a, chuveleh khawthlang sorkar zinga thiltithei deuhte chuan remchang lain sumdawnna lamah kua an hreuhin Britain pawh chuan kum 1842 atangin Hongkong chu an awp nghal bawk a.

Chutiang taka China dinhmun alo chhiatah chuan Qing Dynasty ngei pawh chu an rorelna chhuhsakin a awm a. Hetianga Qing Dynasty alo chauh tak zel chhan hi thil siamthatna lam hawia hmalakna an neih duh loh vang nia hriat a ni bawk. Chutih mek lai chuan Father of Chinese tia hriat lar Sun Yat Sen (1866 – 1925) chuan China mipuite khaichhuahna atana pawimawh ber hmasa ber chu an roreltu Qing Dynasty paih thlak chu niin a hria a. Kum 1895 atang chuan China lal chhungkaw paihthlak tumin nasa takin a bei a, China mipuite lamah erawh chuan an tha ti chak turin nasa takin fuihna thu a sawi reng bawk a, chu a fuihna thu pakhat chu -  ‘China hian Compass kan hmuchhuak a, Printing Press kan siamchhuak bawk a, thleng leh no tle siamna; porcelain kan hmuchhuak a, silai-zen kan hmuchhuak a, thingpui fe leh silk puan tah dan kan hmuchhuak bawk a. Ram dangte hian kan thil hmuhchhuahsa hmang hian nasa takin thil an siam ta. Janpanho phei chuan chung thil hmang chuan nasa takin hma an sawn phah a, kan mipuite finna leh thiamna hi Japanho aiin a chungnung zawk a; anni ai chuan kan fing zawkin kan thiltihtheihna a nasa zawk bawk. Japanhoin khawthlangho tihdan an lachhawng a, awlsam zet zetin thil siamna leh khawl an siam ta a. Japan ai chuan kan ram hi a let sawmin a zau zawk bawk a, anni ai chuan kawng engkimah a let sawmin thiltihtheihna kan nei tam zawk a ni.

China hian nasa takin tan kan la ang a, khawvela ram hausa ber pakhatna hi kan ni thuai thei dawn a ni tih kan hriat a tul. Tunah chuan engtinnge pakhatna kan nih theih dan kawng chu? Kan thlahtute thurochhiah pakhat chu chaklote chu khai ding ula, a lian leh hausate chu beng hniam ula tih a ni a, chu chu muanna leh mi tinte dikna leh zahawmna kenkawh theihna kawng a ni. Chu chu a ti thei lo a nih chuan eng atan nge China hian a thiltihtheihna leh chaknate chu a hman tak ang? Hetiang atan hian kan inhmang tangkai tur a ni dawn lawm ni le? A ti a.  

Sun Yet Sen sawi angin China hian thil tam tak alo hmu chhuakin thil tam tak siam chhuaktu alo ni a; Sana (Watch) siam chhuaktu hmasa ber a ni a, Thir chher (Cast Iron) siamtu hmasa ber a ni a, Crossbow siam hmasa ber a niin Nihliap siam chhuaktu a ni bawk. Tin, Lehkhachaih siam chhuaktu a ni bawk a, Playing Card siam chhuaktu a ni bawk a, Paper siam chhuaktu a niin Paper money siam chhuaktu a ni bawk. Heng bakah hian thil dang tam tak siam chhuaktu niin hmasa ber nihna hi tam tak a nei a ni. Chutiang thu chuan nasa takin China mipuite chu kaithoin ram leh hnam hmangaihnaah an lo thanharh phah bawk a, China rama mipui thlan hruaitu an neih ngei theihna turin nasa takin tanrualna an lo neih phah bawk a ni. Sun Yet Sen hnathawh chu Mao Zedong chuan chhunzawm zelin nasa takin ram an la zel a. Indona mualah pawh thisen tam tak a chhuakin mi tam takin nunna hlu tak chan bawk mahsela Mao Zedong kaihhruai Revolutionary Army chuan hnehna an chang ta a ni.

Mipui sorkar a din theihna atan hian hruaitu chhuanawm tak tak an awm a, Mao-a ho, Revolutionary Army-in hnehna an chan hnu chuan October 1, 1949 tlai lam dar 4-ah an khawpui Peking (tuna Beijing) hmun laili Tiananmen-ah chuan mipui 3,00,000 lai an pungkhawm a, chung mite hmaah chuan kum 20 lai thi leh thau pawlha alo rammutpui tawh Chou En-lai, Zhu De, Lin Piao, Deng Xiao-ping leh Liu Shao-qi te nen Moa Zedong chu an ding ho a. Moa chuan ring taka thusawiin ‘People’s Republic of China’ din a nih thu chu a puang a. Chuta tang chuan China ramah mipui sorkar alo ding ta a ni. Nimasela chu sorkar lo ding thar chuan hmalakna tur tam tak a nei a, nasa takin pawisa hlutna alo tlakhniam avangin leh ei leh bar lamah pawh an lo hnufual nasat hman bawk avang chuan China mipuite chu retheihna khur thuk takah an lo tang hman a.  

Chutianga Mao sorkar, People’s Republic of China chuan retheihna nasa tak ata China mipuite khaichhuahna atan chuan Land Reform chu Policy pawimawh takah an nei a. An ruahman danah chuan mi hausa leh retheite, mi zawng zawng chu ang khat rengin sorkarin hmalakna a neih pui ang a, buh leh thlai thar semchhuah leh pek chhuah chungchangah pawh sorkarin a kaihruai vek bawk ang. Communes dinin chutah chuan chhungkaw eng emaw zat group-ah insiamin an cheng ho ang a, hna an thawk ho ang a, an thilneih engkim chu an intawm vek bawk ang tih a ni. Communes khatah hian chhungkaw 5000 laite an awm ho a, a huho veka thiltih a niin chaw pawh an ei ho vek zel a. Nimahsela chu hmalakna thar chu alo fuh hauh lo a, ruahtui alo tla tha bawk si lo a, chhungkaw tam takte chu angkhat veka hnathawh alo theih hauh loh mai bawk a. Chutianga harsatna tam tak avang chuan kum 1959 – 1960 khan mi maktaduai (Million) hnih lai an thih phah hial a ni.  

Chutianga sorkar tharin an hmalakna pawimawh tak alo hlawhchham chhan hi 30% chu sik leh sa vang niin 70% chu mihringte tihsual vang ni bawkin an hria a, ram hruaitute ngei pawh harh chhuakin an tihsual chu mipui leh tumah dang puh loin anmahni tihsual tih an pawm a, chumi hnuah chuan ‘China hi Education-ah a innghat lian ber ang a, mithiam (expert) te kan hmang tangkai tawh ang’ tiin sorkar chuan thupuan pawimawh tak a neih phah ta a ni. Chutiang chuan Communes pawh thiatin chhungkaw hrang hrangte chuan anmahniin buh leh thlai an ching ang a, an tharchhuah ang ang chu a zatve sorkar tana chhung turin ruahmanna an siam ta zawk a. Chutiang chuan zawi zawiin hma an lo sawn ta zawk a, Kum 1978-a Deng Xiopiang hoa Economic reforms an kalpui tantirhah ngei pawh ‘Zawhte chu eng rawng pawh nisela sazu a man theih phawt chuan a tha a ni mai’ tih chu an thupui a nih nghe nghe kha. Hmasawnna rahka nia an hriat apiang chu an bawh pawp pawp mai a, tunah zet chuan buh leh thlai chauh niloin Industry lamah pawh khawvel ram dangte chungah an lo awm phah ta hial a ni. 

Hetiang taka China ramin hmasawnna nasa tak alo neih theihna chhan hi Mao hmalakna leh a bul tanna a ni kan ti lo thei lo a, chuvang tak chuan vawiin thleng hian China mipuite chuan theihnghilh mai loin zah tak chungin ‘Chairman Mao’ tiin a hming an la lamri reng a ni. A thinlunga ram leh hnam hmangaihna a pai reng chuan nasa taka ti chakin amah ang bawka retheihna khura tangte tan a theihtawp a chhuah a, tihtakzetna nena a beihna avangin hlawhtlinna anlo chang thei ta a ni. Rahbi rem an rah hma hian khuar khurum leh kawr thuk tak takah an lo tang tawh thin a, heti taka an lo dinchhuah leh theihna chhan pawimawh tak pakhat chu an ram hruaitute hian thinlung leh tihtakzeta ram leh hnam an hmangaih vang a ni a. Chung an ram hruaitu zingah chuan Mao Zedong hi a langsar ber bawk a ni. 

 

 

Lehkhabu rawnte:

1.     China ram muhil a harh ta. Rev. Sangvela.

2.     Zalenna Tlang. B. Lalthangliana

3.     Thusawi Ropui khawvel nghawrh nghingte. M.C. Awia

4.     Mao Zedong - Wikipedia