LITTLE BOY

Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak

March 24, 2024

August 6, 1945-nia America sorkarin Japan khawpui Hiroshima-a Atom Bomb a thlak kha khawvel awmchhung hian theihnghilh a ni tawh ngai lo ang a, kha aia rapthlak kha thleng tawh lo se tia duhtu hi mi sang tam tak an awm bawk. Kha Bomb rapthlak tak kha a hming atan ‘LITTLE BOY’ tih a ni a, a hming hi a nelawm viau tak nain a hnathawh erawh a rapthlakin a nghawng pawh a na hle mai. 

Atom tih thumal hi Greek tawng aṭanga lakchhuah niin a awmzia chu thil reng reng a nihphung hlauh chuang siloa a te thei ang bera phel tet, phel tet theih tawh loh a nih thlenga a nihna tawp chu Atom an vuah a. Chu atom infinkhawm chuan matter a siam a, thil sakhat nei tawh phawt chu matter niin heng; Lung, Thing leh Mihring leh Tuite pawh hi matter an ni vek a. Atom lairil tak chu Nucleus niin chu chu proton leh neutron-in an tuam a, an pahniha sawi kawp chuan proton leh neutron chu electron tiin an sawi a. Atom maktaduai tam tak dahkhawm chu Uranium nen chhunfin chuan Bomb chak leh hlauhawm takah alo chang thei ta a. Boruakah ngei pawh atom hi a awm avangin anmahnia bomb chu a puak darh zel a, a rapthlak em em a ni. Chutianga nasa taka Atom–in hna a thawh theih chuan thil ropui tak kan siam chhuak thei ang tiin Albert Einstein chuan a ngaihtuah ta a ni.  

Albert Einstein chuan kum 1939-ah US President Franklin D. Roosevelt hnenah chuan hetiang hian lehkha a thawn ta a – President duhtak, E. Fermi leh L. Szilard hnathawh thar chanchin ziahna chuan nasa takin phurna min siam a. Element Uranium chu nakin lawkah chakna thar leh pawimawh takah chantir ala ni dawn a, chumi hmang chuan bomb pakhat lek pawh lawngchawlhna hmuna tihpuah a nih chuan chu hmun chu a tihchhiat vek bakah a hualtu a vela ram zau tak pawh a tichhe thei dawn a ni tiin a thawn a. He lehkha a thawn chhan tak chu hetih hunlai hi Indopui pahnihna ṭantirh lamah khan German Scientist rualte chuan Atom Bomb hi Indonaa hman turin an ruahman tluk tluk mai a, Uranium pawh a hman dan an thiamin an chhekkhawl tawh tih thu pawh a rukin an hre bawk a. Chutianga Atom Bomb an siam theih chuan lehlamte tan a hlauhawm dawn emaia an hriat vangin an siam peih hmaa Atom Bomb chu hman theih tura lo siam vat an duh vang a ni ber mai. 

Tichuan, President Franklin D. Roosevelt chuan a thawhpuite rawnin Atom Bomb siam phalna chu an pe ta a, chu phalna an dawn aṭang chuan scientist rualte chuan chhun leh zan chawlh awm loin an buaipui char char nghal a, heta scientist langsar takte leh an chanchin tawi chu hetiang hi a ni a; J. Robert Oppenheirmer; a ni hi Atom Bomb siamnaa a khaipa ber niin Nuclear ralthuam siamna Manhattan Project-a Scientific Director a ni. Enrico Fermi pawh hi Italian Physicist niin controlled nuclear chain reaction hmasa ber siam chhuahnaah a thawhhlawk hle a, Leslie Groves hi US Army  Corps of Engineers general, Manhattan Project-a hnathawh dan kaihruaitu leh project logistics enkawltu ber a ni. Edward Teller pawh hi Hungarian-Ameican Physicist niin Atom leh Hydrogen bomb siamchhuahnaah hian a thawhhlawk hle bawk. Leo Szilard hi Hungarian–American Physicist niin Manhattan Project bul ṭannaah leh Atomic ralthuam siamnaah a thawhhlawk hle. Hans Bethe hi German–American Physicist niin nuclear reaction lamah theoretical contribution pawimawh tak tak a thawk a, a ṭangkai hle. Anni ho hi Scientist leh Engineer tam tak zingah a khaipa deuh bik an ni a. 

He Atom bomb siamnaah hian Einstein-a equation lar tak, E=mc2 chu an ṭangkaipuiin mass leh energy inthlauhna a hriattirin chu chuan nuclear reaction-a energy nasa taka chhuah theihna tur theoretical basis a pe a, Manhattan Project bulṭhut ber a ni tiin sawi ila a dik mai awm e. Einstein hi German rama piang leh seilian a ni a, kum 1933 khan German ram chu mimal thuneihna kengkawhtu Hitler-a vangin a buai hle mai a, Juda ho dinhmun phei chu a hrehawm lehzual a. Chutianga Hitler-a chet vel dan chu Einstein chu a do nasa hle a, Hitler-a ngei pawh chu a sawisel nasa a. Hetih lai hian America ramah a thil chhutchhuah chanchin sawi turin sawmna a dawng hlauh mai a, a kal ta a, chutia America rama a awm lai chuan a ṭhiante’n lehkha rawn thawnin German rama rawn haw leh chu a tan a hlauhthawnawm tiin an rawn hrilh a. Chumi aṭang chuan America ramah a inbengbel zui nghal a, Princeton University-ah a thawk zui nghal a ni. 

Anni Scientist rualte chuan Los Alamos-ah an theih anga rangin Atom bomb chu an buaipui nghal char char a, an siam peih chuan ate zawk hming atan LITTLE BOY tih chu an vuah a. Little Boy hi a sei zawng 9’x11” niin a len zawng 2’x5” a ni a, a rih zawng hi 40 Qtl. a ni. Scientist rualin a hnathawh theih dan tur an chhut danah chuan a tlakna hmun aṭanga 15 Kms bial chhunga nunna nei tawh phawt chu thi mang vek thei turin an ngai a. Chumi pawn lam 40Kms vel huam amite chu damlohnain a man bawk ang a, vun natna emaw panchhia emaw an vei phah ngei bawkin an ring. He Bomb tipuaktu atan hian Fission Fuel-ah Uranium (23 Qtls) an hmang bawk.   

Manhattan Project chu ngawi renga kalpui mawp mawp a niin kum hnih chhung velin Atom Bomb chu an siam peih ta mai a. Engkim peih vek tawh mah nisela tihchhin (test) phawt loh chuan a ṭhat leh ṭhat loh engmah a hriat si loh avangin July 16, 1945 zing dar 5;30-ah chuan New Mexico biala Alamogordo thlaler hmuna test turin an inbuatsaih ta a. He hmun hi Los Alamos aṭanga mel 200 aia hla a niin mipui sang chuangin ral atangin an lo thlir bawk a, hlawhtling takin an test a ni. Chutia Atom Bomb hman theiha an peih hnuah chuan War Office lam pawh chuan hmelma beihna atan hman mai an duh rum rum a. Nimahsela Manhattan Project lam aṭang erawh chuan Albert Einstein leh Leo Szilard chuan ziak meuhin chuan an bomb siam chu a hlauhawmzia an hriatin hman loh hram dan awm se tiin thu an thlen a. An lehkha thehluhna ber President Roosevelt lah a lo boral thutin a aiawh Truman lah chuan chu lehkha chu ngai pawimawh loin Indonaah chuan hman ngei an lo ti tlu ta zawk a. Hetih laia Secretary of War, Henry Simson pawh chuan Atom Bomb hman loh chuan indona chuan hun ala awh rei dawn a, a tu ve ve lamah pawh pawisawi lo nunna chan an tam dawnin chumi pumpelhna atan chuan Atom bomb chu hman a duh thu a thlen bawk a. 

Indopui Pahnihna chuan a vawrhtawp thlengin May 8, 1945-ah German chu tlawmin an thurualpui Japan erawh chuan tlawm an la tum lo nasa mai thung a. Atom Bomb hmanga an beih chuan mipui nunau pawisawi lo tam takin an tuar dawn tih pawh an hriatsa vek avangin Bomb thlak ngai loa tlawm mai turin July 26, 1945-ah chuan Radio hmangin an ngen a. Nimahsela Japan chuan Burma rawn hneh thlain India ramah bu an khuar mek a, Mizoramah lutin Nagaland lamah pawh thui tak an thleng thla hman a, tlawm mai chu an la tum awzawng lo mai. Chutianga ring an tihkhawng tlat zel avang chuan America rorelna sang chuan Bomb hmanga hmehmih mai an ngai a ni tiin thu an ti tlu ta a, chutiang thu chu Scientist-te chuan an han hriat chuan pawi an ti a, Bomb hnathawh an hriat chian avangin leh mipui pawisawilo mi tam tak bakah nungcha leh thing leh mau tam tak a chhiat phah dawn tih an hriat tlang vek bawk si avang chuan Bomb hman loh hram an la duh fan a. 

Los Alamos-ah chuan Scientist-te chuan Hiroshima khawpuia an bomb siam ngei thlak a ngaih thu an hriat chuan an lungngai hle a, ‘Aw Lalpa, kan sualnaah hian min ngaidam ang che, hetiang ti tura tirh kan ni hi min theihnghilhsak lul suh ang che’ tihte chuan an ṭawngṭai hial a ni. Nimahsela ‘Hetiang hi ti lo ila Indona kal zel hian sipai leh pawi sawi lo nunna sang tam tak a tihlum dawn tho bawk si a, Japan nunrawng lutuk hian an thiltih hi an sim duh bawk si loh avangin an ring herhchhum hmawk a ngai a ni ti an awm bawk a. Chutih lai mek chuan America rorelna sang  lamah nunau sang tam takin an tuar tur chu lungngaiin Japan khawpuia Bomb thlak loh hram tumin tlawm mai turin Japan chu an han ngen nawn leh ṭhin a, chhanna lah a awm loin a reh leh vung vung reng bawk si a.  

Lohtheihlohna avangin Japan khawpui Hirosimaah chuan Atom Bomb thlak a ngai dawn ta. Hetih lai vel hian Hirosimaah hian mihring nuai thum vel an chengin sipai hmunpui leh ralthuam chherna hmun a ni bawk a. Colonel Paul Tibbetts Jr. chuan thlawhna B-29, a hming lem atana Col. Paul Tibbets Jr-in a u hming chawia Enola Gay a phuah chuan Marianas atangin Atom Bomb (Little Boy) chu America ral relna hmunpui Pentagon thuchhuak ang chuan phurna leh lungngaihna inpawl nuai mai thinlung nei chung chuan muangchangin a nawr lut a. Amah ṭanpui turin thlawhna dang Great Artiste tia an koh pawh chu a kiangah thlawhchhuah mai inpeih at-in alo ding reng bawkin ani hi chuan ralthuam lam phur loin cinema khawl leh thlalakna ṭha tawk tak a keng a, Pilot pahnih bakah a ṭul thuta inring reng turin Pilot chhawktu (Co-Pilot) pakhat an chuang bawk a.   

Thlawkchhuak mai turin an inpeih ta, Japan lam hawia a inher muai muai lai chuan Japan lam radio alo ri a, ‘Hei hi Tokyo radio a ni, America vaupungah Japan sakeibaknei rilru a zam lo ang, Japan-in khawvel hi a hneh hma chu a kal zel dawn a ni’ a rawn ti ta a, chu thu chuan Pentagon mai bakah America rorelna hmunpui White House pawh a barakhaih chiang hle mai. Tichuan, a hma lawka phur tehchiam lo Colonel Paul Tibbetts Jr. pawh chuan Japan khawpuia Bomb thlak chu a chak et et ta zawk mai a, a mawhphurhna chu hlen ngei tumin a kut a humruh sauh sauh a. Thlawhna chu an ti nung a, an pahnih chuan Japan lam pan chuan rang takin an thlawkchhuak ta nghal a, tleirawl thaza lai an ni bawk a, an thlawk chak kher mai, Kms. 6 vel laiin an inthlau tak nain an mawhphurhna hlen tur chuan thinlung inhmu tak zelin an thlawk a. Zing lam dar hnih velah an thlawk chhuak hi ruahman danah chuan zing lam 8;14-ah Hiroshima thleng tur an ni. Chumi ni, August 6, 1945 zingah ngei pawh chuan a dan ngaitein khawchhak lam atangin Ni pawh a rawn chhuak leh a, Hiroshima khawpuia mipui sang tam takte lah chuan nakin lawka an chunga thil lo thleng tur chu hre loin pangngai takin an la zi mur mur reng bawk a. 

Little Boy phurtu B-29 Pilot pawh chuan phur tak leh fimkhur takin minute reilote hnua a thiltih tur chu a hai hauhin a rinawm loh a. Quintal 40 zeta rit phura a thlak hnua thlawhna awm dan turte thleng chuan a ngaihtuah vek a, zing dar 8;14-ah chiah chuan Hiroshima khawpui chungah awmin hnuai lam panin a han bir leh vang vang a, lei aṭanga 31,000 Fts a sang aṭang chuan dar 8;15-ah chiahah a thilphurh Little Boy chu a thlak thla ta a, rang takin van sang lamah thlawk chho leh mahsela chu bomb puak rapthlak tak leh chuta ṭanga meikhu zam chuan a rawn nang hman tho mai. Eng nasa lutuk tak rawn chhuak leh meikhu nasa lutuk avang chuan Colonel ngei pawh chuan thlawhna chu thunun thei loin reilote phei chu awmze neiloin a awm hman hial a. Vanneihthlak takin darkar 13 hnuah an thlawhchhuahna hmun Los Alasmos chu an thleng leh thei hram a ni.  

Hiroshima khawpuia Atom Bomb an han thlak chiah khan minute pawh tling lo, second 43 chhung vel chu boruakah a thang a, chumi hnuah chuan a puak ta, lei thlen hmaa puak a ni a, boruaka an tihpuahna chhan hi chu bomb rapthlak tak chuan hneh takin Hiroshima khawpui chu tuam sela an duh zawk vang a ni. A tlakna hmun aṭanga Kilometer thum bial chhung vela thil reng reng chu a tuiral nghal vek a, khawlum leh kangmei nasa tak a chhuak nghalin mihring 78,150 an boral nghal bawk a. Chumai bakah boruak chhia insiam nghalin an beng leh hnar aṭangin thi a chhuak zawih zawih reng a, an vun a durh pep pup bawkin an duk tlek tluk bawk a, a ,hente lah an kang ut rem ruam bawk a. Boruaka a han puah velehah khan boruak chu 3980*C vel (Tuiso pangngai let 40 vel) zet in a sa nghal a, chu boruak sa chu engmahin a dawl lo reng reng. Kahpathir leh Cement leh Lung sakhat tak takte ngei pawh chuan an dawl lo a, vaivutah changin chutiang khu chuan 20,000 Fts a sangah par a chhuang nghal vut vut bawk a.   

Chu chauh chu la ni loin bomb puakin a kan ral tawh hmun awl rawn hnawhkhat turin Hiroshima dai kil tin aṭang chuan chak lutuk tak maiin boruak a rawn tleh leh nghal a, he boruak thaw hi a na hle mai a, darkar khata 600 Kms vel lai nia sawi a ni nghe nghe. Chu boruak thaw (Thli tleh a ni ber zawk) chu engmahin a dal zo lo a, a thlen chin chu a fik hmawk hmawk mai. Chutianga Atom bomb-in nasa tak maia Hiroshima khawpui a tihchhiat chu hmun zaa ṭhena hmun sawm sarih lai (70%) niin khawpui chhunga cheng mihring pawh 60% vel lai an thi bawk a, hmun pakhatah phei chuan mi pakhat hi bomb puak khan a hlimthla chu bangah a nemkai ṭhawt a, chu chu tun thleng hian vawn ṭhat ala ni nghe nghe. 

He bomb hnathawh hi a rapthlak takzet a, hetianga America-in Japan khawpuia a thlak chhan bul ber chu Dec. 2, 1941 chawlhni zing vartiana America inrin loh lai taka Japanin America lawng chawlh hmun leh ralthuam dahna hmun pawimawh Pearl Harbour a bomb chhiat sak vang a ni a. He bomb thlak avanga nunna chan zawng zawng hi mi 2,37,062 lai nia sawi a ni. Nimahsela Hiroshima khawpui bomb avang hian Japan chuan tlawm mai ala tum hauh chuang lo a, ring ala tihkhawng tlat avangin America chuan ni thum hnu mai, August 9, 1945 zing lam dar 11;02-ah chiah chuan Japan khawpui pawimawh tak Nagashaki nghaisak turin Atom Bomb hlauhawm tak FAT MAN an tih chu a thlak leh ta a. Fat Man tla hian an target tak chu 3 Kms laiin ṭhelh mahsela mihring sing li chuang an boral nghal a, mi 25,000 chuang an hliam nghal bawk. Heng bakah hian Japan hi ala tlawm duh lo cheu a nih chuan America chuan Tokyo khawpui chu an target a ni a, chu erawh a thlen a ngai ta lo.  

Fat Man hi 4,500 Kgs niin Little Boy aia thawk na zawk tura beisei a ni. Nagashaki khawpui hi phaizawla awm niloin tlang ram deuha awm a nih vangin beisei aiin a thawk na lo zawk a, chuti chung chuan Japan erawh chuan tawrh zawng a tuar nameuh mai a. Thinlung sak tak pawh chu alo tlawm tain August 15, 1945-ah chuan banphara inpek a duh thu sawi alo ngai ta. Japanin tlawmna thu a sawi tur hi a hreh hle mai a, anmahni leh anmahni ngei pawh an inhneh zo lo lek lek hial a, mahni intihlum ta pawh chhiar tham takmeuh an awm phah hial. Japan thinlung lo ropui zia leh ngaihsanawm zia hi he an manganna vawrhtawpah hian hriat tur a awm a, thinlung khauh tak chunga tlawmna thu an sawi tak avang hian khawvel chuan a ngaisang takmeuh bawk a ni. 

Japan hian Ṭangrual sorkar hnena tlawmna thu a sawi dawn hian an inpuahchah nasa hle mai a. Chutiang bawkin Ṭangrual lam pawhin inbuatsaihna nei ve bawkin ropui taka an tlawmna chu lawm turin an inbuatsaih bawk a. July 26, 1945-a United States, Great Britain leh China-in an buatsaih, Potsdam Declaration-ah chuan Japan inpekna tur thuthlungte ziakin an tarlang a, chung zingah chuan conditional surrender dilna leh Japan sipaite ralthuam tihbote pawh a tel. Heng bakah hian Official taka inbiakpawhna atan diplomatic channel neih a niin Japan ram luah tur chinte khawpui dinthar leh dan turte leh ei leh bara an bultan thar leh dan tur thlengin an sawi a. Nimahsela Japan sipai leh mipuite chuan hmelma laka tlawm chu an hreh ngang mai a, an thisen chuan bei zel ala cho viau nain thil tam tak avangin tlawm a ngai bawk si a, an rilru a na takzet a ni. 

August 15, 1945-niah chuan Japan lalpa chenna kawtzawlah chuan mipui sang tam tak an rawn kalkhawm a, an lalpain Japan mipuite hnena tlawmna thu a sawi tur chu an huphurhin hrehawm an ti takzet hlawm a, a thente lah chuan an ngunhnam chuan an lo invit hlum hial a. Chutianga lal tualzawla mipui an rik mur mur lai chuan bathlarah hian General Mac Arthur chuan ‘Hetiang hian tumah inti na tawh suh u, nakina Japan ram thatna tur zawkin in nunna hi zuah hram hram rawh u’ a han ti a. Mipui lam lah chuan chu thusawi chu an ngaihsak lem lo. Reilote hnuah chuan pindan chhung atangin an lalpa Hirohito chu rawn chhuakin a hmel chu a ngui hle mai a, kum tam tak mipuiin an lo thlamuanpui tawh chuan thlamuantu a mamawh ngawih ngawih ta zawkin khawngaihthlak tak alo ni ta. Chutiang taka an lal hmel ngui chu mipuite chuan hmuh hrehawm an tiin an mittui a tla zawih zawih a.  

Japan mipuiin pathian an hiala an lo neih tawh chuan mipui hmaa heti hian thu a sawi ta a “Ka fa mipui duhtakte u, in lalpa, kum kha leh chen inhmuh ngai reng reng loh kha in hmaah ka lo ding ta. Nangmahni leh in nupui fanaute in hmangaih avang talin emaw, Japan ram hi he khawvelah kumkhuaa a lo din chhuah leh theih nan, nangmahniah engmah inti suh u. Huaisen takin vawiinniah hian i tlawm ngam ang u. Kan vawiin hun hi thangthar lokal zel turte tan chatuana alo din kumkhua theihna turin kan pek a ngai ta a nih hi. Vawiinniah hian huaisen taka dawih zawk chan kan channa hian lo la piang zel turte tan hnam ro leh Japan ram hi ropui takin ala siam thei zawk dawn a ni. Mitin te’n kan nakin hun tur thlirin, a let sawmin kan taihmakna leh rinawmnate tipungin kan ram hi i siam tha ang u. Nakin lawkah chuan “Japan hnam hi an va ropui em!’ tia mi sawi kan la ni dawn si a” tiin a sawi a. 

Chutianga hun an hman mek lai chuan America Battle Ship of Missouri chu Japan thliarkar lam panin a rawn tawlh chho mek bawk a. Japan Tokyo Bay-ah chuan dingin Japan sorkar aiawhin Imperial Foreign Minister Mamorru Shigemitsa leh a Secretary chu America Missouri lawng chhungah chuan an lut a, an hnungah America General huaisen Mac Arthur pawh lutin Japan in surrender-na thuthlung chu ziah sa diamin dawhkana puan nalh tak phah chungah chuan an lo pharh sa bawk a. Chumi ni, Sept. 2, 1945 chuan Japan sorkar aiawh chuan huaisen taka tlawm ngamin an in surrender-na thu ziak saah chuan an hming an ziak hnan ta a. Hming a sign zawh chiahah chuan alawm Japan General rual chuan an tlawm ta rilru na lutuk chu lungchhe vankaiin an ṭap rawng rawng nghal a! 

Chu an chuanna lawng bangah chuan hetiang hian ziak a ni bawk a - 

“Over this spot on 2 September, 1945 the instrument of formal surrender of Japan to the Allied power was signed thus bringing to a close the Second World War. The ship at that times was at anchor in Tokyo Bay”