GANDHI HOA NAWRHNA

Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak

Oct. 22, 2024

Khawvel ram hrang hrangah hian sorkar laka helna leh nawrhna hi kum za tam liam tawh aṭang khan alo thleng tawh ṭhinin ala thleng mek zel bawk a. Mahatma Gandhi hoa Kumpinu sorkar laka helna kha thawnthu ngaihnawm tak niin vawiin thleng pawha zirlai pawimawh tak a ni. Kum 1918-ah Kumpinu puan tahtute laka helin Ahmadabad-ah bul an ṭan a. Kum 1920 – 1922 chhunga Non- Cooperation Movement an nei lehin kum 1930-ah Salt March neiin Kumpinu Chi dan siam chungchangah lungawi lohna an nei leh a. Kum 1930 – 1934 chhunga an helna chu Civil Disobedience Movement tia vuah a niin kum 1942-ah Quit India Movement nei lehin Kumpinu mi leh sate chu India chhuahsan turin nasa taka nawrhna an nei leh a. Aug. 9, 1942-ah chuan man tawkin Taninah khung a ni a. 

Tanin aṭanga a chhuah hnuah pawh ngawi mai mai loin lungawi lohna an lantir chhunzawm zel a, kum 1947 alo thlenah meuh chuan Zalenna chu an nawrh chhuak ta a. Amaherawhchu Jan. 30, 1948-ah Gandhi chu kahhlum a niin Zalenna par pawh rei tlan hman loin a nunna a lo tawp ta mai a, a pawi hle a ni. Hetianga Gandhi hoa nawrhnate hi chi hrang paruk laia ṭhen theih a ni a, chungte chu; Non-Violent Protest, Civil Disobedience, Boycotts, Fasting, Marches, Satyagraha-te hi niin hetiang hian a awmzia tawi tetein sawi nghal ila;

Non-Violent Protest; Tharum telloa nawrhna hmangin Gandhi ho chuan Kumpinu thiltih danah lungawilohna lantir chu tharuma beih aiin a sawt zawk tiin tharum telloa beih chuan nghawng a nei zawk tih a hriat tlat avangin a bul aṭanga a tawp thlengin Gandhi chuan tharum hman a remti lo.

Civil Disobedience; Hei hi Kumpinu sorkar rorelna aṭanga zalenna an sualna kawnga hun pawimawh tak a ni. Kumpinu sorkarin kum 1930 aṭanga Chi (Salt) aṭanga chhiah a lak duh lohna aṭanga hman a niin mipuite chu Chi chhiah pe lo turin Gandhi ho chuan hma an la a, Kumpinu rorelna lak ata lungawi lohna an lantir a ni.

Boycotts; Hei hi Swadeshi Movement tia hriat a niin Kunpinu sorkarin India mipuite lei tur atana an bungraw siam chhuahte chu dodalin India siam ngei chauh lei turin mipui an zirtir a, ram hran aṭanga Kumpinu sorkarin bungrua an lakluhte chu nasa takin an dodal. Kum 1921 chho velah phei chuan Ram dang aṭanga puan than lakluhte chu khapin mi tam tak hmuh laiin chung puante chu an hal bawk a. Chung bakah chuan kum 1921 vel bawkah chuan British Law court chu hmang loin India ramin dan leh dun kan neihte chu hmang turin an zirtir ṭhin bawk.    

Fasting; Hei erawh chawngheia nawrhna niin Gandhi ho khan chawnghei hmangin nawrhna an lantir ngun hle; Hindu leh Muslim inpumkhat theihna atante, Chi chhiah lak duh lohna avangte, Delhi khawpuia remna leh muanna a awm theihna atante leh India zalenna atante Tanin hmunah vawi tam tak chawngheina alo nei tawh ṭhin. 

Marches; Lungawilohna kawngzawh hi Gandhi ho khan ṭum sawm dawn lai an nei a; Kum 1930-ah Chi chhiah lak duh lohna kawngzawhte, Kum 1930-ah Dandi March an nei bawk a, kum 1930-ah bawk hian Vedaranyam March an nei leh bawk a. Kum 1942-ah Quit India Movement atan kawngzawhna an nei bawk a.

Satyagraha; Thudik dinchanna tura beihna tiin sawi ila a dik thei mai awm e. Dik lo taka mipui chunga dan siamte, hleih nei taka rorelnate chu dodal ber a niin rorelna rawng tak chu nasa taka do let a ni. Champaran Satyagraha (1917), Kheda Satyagraha (1918) leh Salt Satyagraha (1930) te kha a lar zualte an ni.  

Mahatma Gandhi hoa nawrhna an kalpui danah hian mipui tana hamṭhatna atan leh tharum tello zawng hlira nawrhna an kalpui avang hian lungawi lohna lam hawi mah nisela ngaihsanawmna tak an nei. Dik taka sawi chuan Kumpinu (British) sorkar khan nasa takin kan ramah bu an khuar a, kum 1858 aṭanga India min awp hun chhungah khan an lak aṭangin retheihna tinreng kan tuar a ni ber a, tihduhdahna chi hrang hrang kan tuar a, an duh duh hunah min sawisa a ni ber mai. Ṭumkhat phei chu April 13, 1919-ah Brig. Gen. Dyer chuan Jallianwala Bagh-a mipui nunau pungkhawmte a kahtir chiam mai a, mi sang chuang lai mai an thi nghe nghe. Hetiang taka mingo hoin India mite min tihduhdah avang hian Pu Gandhi chuan an lak aṭanga zalenna hmuh theih chu kan tana ṭha bera hriain zalenna nei thei tura beih chu tihmakmawhah a ngai a, amah ngei chuan zalenna kan neih theihna turin theihtawp a chhuah a, Tanin hialte pawh tangin vawi tam tak chaw a nghei phah bawk a. Kum 1947-ah zalenna tura a beihna chu hlawhtlingin India chuan zalenna alo nei thei ta a ni.

Gandhi-te’n zalenna nei tura an sual nasatzia hi India chanchinah chanchin ngaihnawm ber lai a ni hial awm e, Gandhi kawppui ber leh India Prime Minister hmasa ber (15 Aug. 1947 – 27 May 1964) Nehru chuan zalenna kan hmuh zanah, Aug. 14, 1947 zanlaiah ngei chuan “Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny; and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom” tiin thu a sawi a, he thusawi hi zalenna sawifiahna atan chuan a famkim ber hial awm e, kum zabi 20 naa thusawi ropui berte zinga thlan a ni nghe nghe a. India-in zalenna a neih rual hian keini Mizoram ngei pawhin zalenna kan nei ve nghalin min awptu Kumpinu chuan min chhuahsan ve nghal bawk a, mahni kutkea ding turin ruahmanna neih ṭan a ni.  

Khatiang taka Kumpinu sorkar laka nawrhna kha thleng lo sela chuan vawiinah hian kan chan hi Maian chan pawh tluk lo hial tur a ni. India ramchhunga leilung hausakna tamtakte chu an rutin an thiar chhuak tluk tluk a, ramhmul aṭanga hmanraw chi hrang hrang an siamchhuahte chu to tak takin min lei tir lehin an theih dan danin min rawk a ni ber mai. Mizoram ngei pawhin kan tuar a, kum tam tak chhung hnam kalphunga kan neih tawhte min thlak danglam sakin an thueihna hnuaiah Mizo Lalte khan an awmna bial teteah rorelna fawng an chelh ve hram hram a, Bawrhsap thu loa Lal an awm lahin ban an ni mai ṭhin bawk. Hetiang taka kan chunga thuneihna an rawn nei hi a chhan ber chu Scheduled District Act, 1874 dan an hman vang a ni. He dan hi hmang turin kum 1898 khan an lo tihfel tawh avangin kan ram chhungah ngei chuan Kumpinu sorkar chu ram leilung neitu an lo ni a, chutiang a nih takah chuan kan Lalte ngei pawh chu an ram enkawl tur bik ramrite rinfel sak theihna leh a ṭul a nih chuan ban theihna thlengin thuneihna an nei ta a ni ber mai. Bawrhsap zingah pawh a hrohrang na deuh an awm a, a bik takin Mac Donald Sap phei chu a hrohrang a na ber hial awm e. A hunlai khan Mizo Lal pathum lai a ban hman a, chung Lalte hmun ruakah chuan Sipai Subedar Pension-te a lal tir a.