MIN LO AWP TAWHTU BAWRHSAP ṬHENKHATTE CHANCHIN

Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak

July 16, 2025

Kum 1890 aṭanga Kumpinu sorkarin min awpah khan kan chunga rorelna nei tur a thuneihna nei turin Superintendent hmasa ber atan John Shakespeare chu dah a niin Lushai Hills District-a lal ber a ni a, a hna pui ber pawh lal leh lal inkara buaina chinfel, khua leh khua inkara harsatna chinfel leh chi leh chi inkara harsatna chin felte bakah dan leh thupekte kenkawh chu a ni ber mai. Amah hi mi rilru tha leh tluang tak a niin Mizo mipui zingah a cheng tam a, serh leh sang kan neihte ngei pawh a zah thiam em em ṭhin. Political Officer 6 leh Superintendent 31 kan nei hmanin chung zinga ṭhenkhatte chanchin i han sawi teh ang.

A. Parteons (1893 – 97); A ni hian Mizoram a rawn chhuah veleh Serchhip leh Sailukawtah Out Post a siam a, Sailukawt hi hla phuah thiam Darpawngi awmna khua a ni. Kum 1895-ah Tlaikuangah kulh a siam leh a, a hun lai hian Mizoram Pioneer Missionary hmasa ber Rev. Savidge (Sap Upa) leh Rev. J.H. Lorrain (Pu Buanga) an lo chhuak a, Aizawlah an inkulh ve nghal a, kum 1894-ah Pu Buanga te hian Mizo A Aw B an siam a, hetiang hi an siam hmasak dan chu a ni;

A AW B D E F G NG H I J K L M N O P R S T Ṭ U V Z CH

J. Shakespeare (1897 – 98); Ani hian A. Parteons rawn thlakin kum khat chauh a awm a. Aizawl leh Lunglei bialte chu ṭawng thuhmun hmang an nih avangin Chittagong biala Lunglei dah chu fello a ti a, Lunglei chu Aizawl Superintendent hnuaia awm a, Sub-Division a ṭhen a, Sub-Division Officer dah a rawt a, a rawtna ang chuan Mizoram chu bung hniha ṭhen a ni ta. Hetia ṭhen a nih takah chuan Political Officer tih pawh chu Superintendent tia thlak alo ni ta bawk a.

Amah chu Superintendent hmasa ber ni bawkin a hunlai hian Champhai kawng leh Hmuifang kawngte an laiin kum 1898-ah phei chuan Mizo ho rikrap nan laipui a zawntir a, khaw tin a fan pui ṭhin. Chumi a chinah chuan Mizo ho chu hel ngam an awm tawh lo ni a sawi a ni a, Sap ho thuhnuaiah kan lo kun zo ta a ni. 

H.W.G. Cole (1898 – 1900); J. Shakespeare chhuti hlana a hmun ruak rawn luah tura rawn kal a ni a, a hunlai hian Thingtlubuan khua Lamsuaka, Chala leh Thatkhama te chu Thangtinzova Hmar hnam thi zuar an thah avangin man an ni a, mi sang tam tak hmuhah khaihlum an ni. Hei hi Mizo zingah khaihlum hmasak berna a ni.

J. Shakespeare (1890 – 1903): J. Shakespeare chhuti chu rawn let lehin kum 1901-ah chhiarpui a buatsaih a, khaw chhiar zawng zawng chu 239 niin mihring 82,434 an awm a, hei hi Mizoram puma chhiarpui neih hmasak ber a ni. A hunlai hian kum 1900-ah Lunglei-ah Bengali School din a ni a, chuta an hotupa chu Anil Kumar a ni. He Bengali School-ah hian Rev. Challiana pawhin Lower Primary a pass a, chhimbiala Primary pass hmasa ber zingah a tel.  

Kum 1902-ah chuan Baptist kohhran zinga baptisma chang hmasa ber chan kum a ni a. Bawrhsap J. Shakespeare I.A chuan Kum 1902 aṭanga hman ṭan turin Mizoram pum chu Circle Administration sawm pahniha ṭhenin Circle tinah Circle Interpreter pakhat leh an thachhang dawltu tur Circle Chaprasi (CS) pakhat zelin a dah bawk a. Bawrhsap chuan thuneihna sang tak pein kan Lalte thuneihna tawp hnuah pawh khawtlanga ram leh hnam humhalh turin an ni chu a ruatin Lalte chuan khawtlangah rorelna fawng chelh bawk mahsela heng C.I te chuan Bawrhsap hnenah an ngaihdan an thlen ṭhin a ni. 

Chung C.I hmasa berte chu April 1, 1902-ah Bawrhsap chuan hetiangte hi a ruat a; Pasina, Romana, Darsata, Thangchhingpuia, Khuanga, Suaka II, Thangnghinga, Chawngkunga, Siamliana, Taikhuma, Buala Tlau leh Taikhuma Paihte te an ni. Anni hi Rs. 25/- te Rs. 20/- leh 15/-, 10/- hlawhte an ni hlawm. Anni chuan Bawrhsap aiawhin Mizoram chhung hmun hrang hrangah an zin chhuak ṭhin a, khawtlangah Lalin rorelna nei bawk mahsela C.I te chu Bawrhsap thu kal lam leh haw lam kengtu ber an ni ṭhin a. Chutiangah chuan mipuite ngei pawhin C.I chu tlawnin an Lalte chu an hlauh loh phah telh telh bawk a, C.I ṭhenkhatte chuan Lal te aiin an lo inti thu mah zawk bawk ṭhin a. Mizo Lalte chuan an awp chin khawtlangah thuin an awp chin khua chu ṭha takin awm mahsela C.I te chuan khaw khat chauh awp loa khaw dangte pawh an awp avangin puakphur nen an zin thin a, an puakphurh tur chu Bawrhsap thuin Lalte chuan an lo ruahman sak ṭhin a ni. 

H.W.G. Cole (1907 – 1911); Ani pawh hi a vawi hnih rawn awmnaah hian Thawngliana Lenchim lal leh Dorawta Saitual lal ramri buai chingfel turin amah ngei a kal a, Rulchawm khaw ko chung zawl Kawilamho khaw hmun zawlah Saitual nula leh tlangvalin Puma zaiin an lo awi a, hla an lo phuah sak hial.

A hunlai hian Aizawl bazaar siam a ni a, Mel nga chin chhung lam chu Bazar rawn kai vek turin order a chhuah nghal bawk a. Mite tihhmuh turin Suk te, Arbawm te leh Hreiha te a leisak a, chutiang chuan bazaar tha tak a lo ni chho ta zel a ni. A hunlai vek hian RD. Leta’n Matric a pass a, Mizo zing Matric pass hmasa ber a niin Shillong aṭanga Matric pass zo rawn hawng chho chu khuangpui leh baza nen an lo hmuak a, Aizawlah ropui taka lawmluh a ni. 

Cole Sapa hunlai vek hian Missionary pakhat Dr. Fraser chu rawn chhuakin lehkha chhutna khawl in leh mi retheite chawmna in te a sa a, in panga lai a sa a, mi retheite khawngaih mi a niin a thlawna puih pawh a ngah hle. Dr. Fraser nen hian bawih chungchangah inkhingin Fraser chuan Bawrhsapte vangin Mizoramah bawih an awm a ti a, Cole sapa lahin ‘Bawih an ni lo, mi rethei lalina awmpuite an ni’ a ti thung a, tichuan an inkhingin Shilong-a Missionary punkhawmnaah leh Assam Governor hnenah a sawi a, an thu chuan England Parliament a thleng hial a ni. 

Tichuan, Dr. Fraser chuan thiam changin Zoram bawih bantu alo ni ta a, Mizo lal zingah Maubuang lal Khawvelthanga chu bawih chhuah hmasa tu ber niin midangte pawh chuan bawih an chhuah ve zel a. Chumi a chinah chuan Cole Sap chu hawngin Mizorama a rawn let leh remtih sak a ni ta lo.

N.E. Parry (1924 – 1928); A ni erawh hi chu intihlauhawm thiam tak a ni a, mi thu leh hla dawngsawng thiam tak a ni bawk. Mizoram tan thil nasa tak a ti a, chung zinga ṭhenkhatte chu:

• Mizoram khua, in 30 chin chung lam chu Zawlbuk nei vek turin order a chhuah

• Sap leh milian chibai bukna arva-in man a nei tawh ang tih thuchhuah a siam

• Mizo hnam dan bu a siam (A & P) No. 32700 2.3.1928 – G.R.Q-a chhuah tir a ni. Dan a siam nual bawk

• Border meeting a neihpui zel

• Lal fathang a siam rual, tin ruk theuh ni tawh turin 

• Lal in sak pawh in khat chauh a ni tur a ni a ti a, Rangva nei chuan a intum ang a, a ren dang chu a khuate tum turin

• Coolie awl, in 10 atanga 400 thleng awl thei turte a riruat fel

• Silai chhiah a siam chhuak a, lo neitute erawh chu a awl thung

• Mizo man bi a tidanglam bawk

A.G. Mac Call (1935 – 1943): Call Sap chu a chhuti zo a rawn chho Lehah hian Mizoramah kum kua lai a awm leh a. A hunlai hian Indopui Pahnihna rawn thlengin British leh German an indo chiam a, sorkar leh Lal ho an inzawm ṭhat theih nan bialte a siamin chung aiawhte chu chhim leh hmara mi zawng zawng kokhawmin Oct. 14, 1941-ah Thenzawlah Durban a siam a, chuta an thurel ṭhenkhatte chu:

* Lamlian kam reserve dil fo ngai lo a, lo-a neih theih ni rawh se

* Lal fapate, an pate’n an thihsan kum 18 an tlin hma chu Lal thi te unaute’n an aia rov lo relsak ni sela

* Lui dung kam reserve tihban

* Damdawi hlauhawm zualpui tih loh chu Lal-in zawrh veb phal nise

* Chhim lam Lalte’n Serkawr tlangdunga Chowkider hlawhpun an dil chu hnawl a ni

* Cheque lak thu

* Mizorama High School awm a tulzia sawihona vote lakin duh an tam ta a ni

* Lal puan bik tur siam phalsak a ni

* Transport tihpun dil a ni a, hei hi phalsak a ni lo. Transport tihpun hian Coolie lam an awl thei deuh dawn a ni

* AMC (Ruang la) Sipai kalte, an chhungte Coolie awl phalsak a ni

* Border (mi ram) tihkansak thuah cheng sawmli emaw Sepui emaw chawi nise

* Serthlum huan pemsan thu

* Zirtirtu hlawh cheng hnih aiah buh tin thum an pe tur a ni tih order an siam nghal bawk

Heng bakah hian Durban an neih lai hian Lalte chu British Lalber aiawhte Governor leh Viceroy aiawha dinhmun pawimawh taka ding an nihzia thu chhiar chhuah a ni bawk.

Mac Call hunah hian Kelkang buaina chhuakin chu buaina chu kum 1937 August thlaah niin Thlaraua hlimna a thleng chiam a, Kelkang khuaah chuan lam-in leh ṭawnghriatloh tein an ṭawng bawk a, thil mak tak takte an puang a, hnathawh zai lam rel loin an lam tlut tlut a, Sial pali, vawk sawm leh pariat, bawng pahnih, kel panga lai an eiral hman a. An thupuan zinga pakhat “January 1938-ah British-in leido a nei ang a, an tlawm ang” tih chu Bawrhsapin alo hriat chuan helah a ngaiin sipai leh police tam tawk tak nen Kelkang lamah chuan a kal a, hetiang hian Kelkang tan thuchhuah a siam a:

• Kelkang harhnaa an hotu deuh deuh pathum: Thanghnuaia, Pasena leh Thanzinga te chu Phai lama kum thum theuh tang turin an rel sak

• Kelkang Lalpa chu cheng 60 a chawitir bawk

• Kristian zawng zawng (Roman Catholic leh silai neitute tiam loin) ni ruk theuh a sazai tir

• Silai zawng zawng a mansak vek

• Kristian zawng zawng kum hnih chhung leiman a let, cheng li theuh a chawitir

• Kristian zawng zawng Champhai C.I inah a dahtir

• Lal thu awi lo chu Aizawlah thawn zel tur

• Bialtu C. I increment kumkhat tihtawpsak

AG Mc Call hunah hian Mizoram hi Sub-Division hnihah ṭhenin Hmar lam chu North Lushai Hills tih a niin Aizawl chu hmunpui atan hman a ni a, chutiang bawkin Chhim lam chu South Lushai Hills tih a ni bawkin Lunglei chu hmunpui atan hman leh bawk a. Sub-Division hi Circle-a la ṭhensawm leh a ni bawk a, North Lushai Hills chu Circle 10 a ṭhen a ni a, South Lushai Hills pawh Circle 7-ah ṭhendarh an ni. Heng enkawl tur hian Circle tinah Circle Interpreter (C.I) pakhat zel dah a ni leh a. 

Kum 1935 lam aṭanga Chhim bial lalho te’n Conference an lo neih thin tawh ang chuan Bawrhsap Mc Call-a hovin Hmar bial lamah pawh an nei ve ta a. Ram hmasawnna leh mipuite thawvenna kawng nia an hriat te an rêlho deuh ber ṭhin. Chungah chuan Mizo lal 400 dawn lai te chu kal kim barh a harsa a, chuvangin C.I bial tin lalte chu Lalho Conference-a tel turin aiawh pakhat zel thlantir an ni ta a. Chungho, kum 1940 October thlaa thlanchhuah lal 26 te chuan Bawrhsap leh a ṭhuihruaite nen 1941 October ni 13 leh 14 khan Thenzawlah ram pum huap Lalho Conference vawi khatna an hmang ta a. Kha Conference kha Mizote’n Democracy zepui, aiawh thlan chhuahte rorelna (representative principle) kan hman ṭanna a tih theih awm e. 

Bawrhsap rorelna leh Missionaryte rawngbawlna hi a inpawlh buai lohna turin an inkarah ramri fel taka kham a nih mai bakah thuneihna huang chin tur ruat a ni a. Bawrhsap chuan kutke atan Mizo Lalte chu hmangin rorelna a nei a, thubuai khirh zual (criminal) a rel deuh ber ṭhin. In chhiah (House tax) leh sorkar phalna (Licence) ngai chi thil neite hnen aṭangin fee a khawn bawk a. Thildang Mizo dan taka rel chi Leiman (Land revenue) te pawh kum 1890 a Mizo Lalte nena inremna an siamah khan ram leilung chhunga thuneihna leh an rorel khawl, Chieftainship Institution nuaibo a nih loh avangin Mizo Lalte chuan an chang vek a ni. Hetih lai hian Missionaryte chuan Pathian hnena ringlomite hruai hna chu an thawk berin Pathianthu awiha mite an siam chho a, kohhran an din mai bakah zirna Inte pawh an din chho zel a, an enkawl zui zel bawk.