ZALENNA HLUTZIA

Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak

British sorkar chak leh thiltithei takin kum 1858 atanga India min awp khan retheihna tinreng kan tuar a ni ber a, tihduhdahna chi hrang hang kan tuar a, an duh duh hunah min sawisa a ni ber mai a. April 13, 1919-ah Brig. Gen. Dyer chuan Jallianwala Bagh-a mipui nunau pungkhawmte a kahtir chiam mai a, mi sang chuang lai mai an thi a nih nghe nghe kha. Hetiang taka mingo hoin min tihduhdah avang hian Pu Gandhi chuan an lak atanga zalenna kan hmuh theih chu kan tana tha bera hriain zalenna tura beih chu tihmakmawhah a ngai a, amah ngei chuan zalenna kan neih theihna turin theihtawp a chhuah a, tanin hialte pawh vawi engemaw zat tangin vawi tam tak chaw a nghei phah bawk a. March 12, 1930 kha Gandhi chuan langtham taka British a beih tanna ber a tih thei awm e. Kum 1947-ah hlawhtlingin India chuan zalenna alo nei thei ta a, nimahsela zalenna hun pawh a hman rei hma hauhin Gandhi chu Jan. 30, 1948 ah Hindu sakhaw la run taktu Nathuram Godse chuan a kap hlum ta hlauh mai a, kum 78 mi chauh niin a boral ta a.  

Khawvel ram hrang hrangah hian sorkar laka helna leh nawrhna hi kum za tam liam tawh atang khan alo thleng tawh thinin ala thleng mek zel bawk a. Mahatma Gandhi hoa Kumpinu sorkar laka helna kha thawnthu ngaihnawm tak niin vawiin thleng pawha zirlai pawimawh tak ala tling. Kum 1918-ah Kumpinu puan tahtute laka helin Ahmadabad-ah bul an tan a. Kum 1920 – 1922 chhung chuan Non- Cooperation Movement an nei lehin kum 1930 March 12-ah Salt March neiin Kumpinu Chi dan siam chungchangah lungawi lohna an nei leh a. Kum 1930 – 1934 chhunga an helna chu Civil Disobedience Movement tia vuah a niin kum 1942-ah Quit India Movement nei lehin Kumpinu mi leh sate chu India chhuahsan turin nasa taka nawrhna an nei leh a. Aug. 9, 1942-ah chuan man tawkin Tan inah khung a ni a. 

Tan in atanga a chhuah hnuah pawh ngawi mai mai loin lungawi lohna an lantir chhunzawm zel a, kum 1947 alo thlenah meuh chuan Zalenna chu an nawrh chhuak ta a. Amaherawhchu Jan. 30, 1948-ah Gandhi chu kahhlum a niin Zalenna par pawh rei tlan hman loin a nunna a lo tawp ta mai a, a pawi hle a ni. Hetianga Gandhi hoa nawrhnate hi chi hrang paruk laia then theih a ni a, chungte chu; Non-Violent Protest, Civil Disobedience, Boycotts, Fasting, Marches, Satyagraha-te hi niin hetiang hian a awmzia tawi tetein sawi nghal ila;

Non-Violent Protest; Tharum telloa nawrhna hmangin Gandhi ho chuan Kumpinu thiltih danah lungawilohna lantir chu tharuma beih aiin a sawt zawk tiin tharum telloa beih chuan nghawng a nei zawk tih a hriat tlat avangin a bul atanga a tawp thlengin Gandhi chuan tharum hman a remti lo.

Civil Disobedience; Hei hi Kumpinu sorkar rorelna atanga zalenna an sualna kawnga hun pawimawh tak a ni. Kumpinu sorkarin kum 1930 atanga Chi (Salt) atanga chhiah a lak duh lohna atanga hman a niin mipuite chu Chi chhiah pe lo turin Gandhi ho chuan hma an la a, Kumpinu rorelna lak ata lungawi lohna an lantir a ni.

Boycotts; Hei hi Swadeshi Movement tia hriat a niin Kunpinu sorkarin India mipuite lei tur atana an bungraw siam chhuahte chu dodalin India siam ngei chauh lei turin mipui an zirtir a, ram hran atanga Kumpinu sorkarin bungrua an lakluhte chu nasa takin an dodal a. Kum 1921 chho velah phei chuan Ram dang atanga puan than lakluhte chu khapin mi tam tak hmuh laiin chung puante chu an hal bawk a. Chung bakah chuan kum 1921 vel bawkah chuan British Law court chu hmang loin India ramin dan leh dun kan neihte chu hmang turin an zirtir thin bawk.    

Fasting; Hei erawh chawngheia nawrhna niin Gandhi ho khan chawnghei hmangin nawrhna an lantir ngun hle; Hindu leh Muslim inpumkhat theihna atante, Chi chhiah lak duh lohna avangte, Delhi khawpuia remna leh muanna a awm theihna atante leh India zalenna atante Tanin hmunah vawi tam tak chawngheina alo nei tawh thin. 

Marches; Lungawilohna kawngzawh hi Gandhi ho khan tum sawm dawn lai an nei a; Kum 1930-ah Chi chhiah lak duh lohna kawngzawhte, Kum 1930-ah Dandi March an nei bawk a, kum 1930-ah bawk hian Vedaranyam March an nei leh bawk a. Kum 1942-ah Quit India Movement atan kawngzawhna an nei bawk a. 

Satyagraha; Thudik dinchanna tura beihna tiin sawi ila a dik thei mai awm e. Dik lo taka mipui chunga dan siamte, hleih nei taka rorelnate chu an dodal ber a niin rorelna rawng tak chu nasa taka do let a ni. Champaran Satyagraha (1917), Kheda Satyagraha (1918) leh Salt Satyagraha (1930) te kha a lar zualte an ni.  

Mahatma Gandhi hoa nawrhna an kalpui danah hian mipuite hamthatna atan leh tharum tello zawng hlira nawrhna an kalpui avang hian lungawi lohna lam hawi mah nisela ngaihsanna chhan tur tam tak a awm. Zalenna nei tura an sual nasatzia hi India chanchinah chanchin ngaihnawm ber lai a ni hial awm e, Gandhi kawppui ber leh India Prime Minister hmasaber (15 Aug. 1947 – 27 May 1964) Nehru chuan zalenna kan hmuh zanah, Aug. 14, 1947 zanlaiah ngei chuan “Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny; and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom” tiin thu a sawi a, he thusawi hi Zalenna sawifiahna atan chuan a famkim ber hialin a rinawm a, kum zabi 20 naa thusawi ropui berte zinga thlan a ni nghe nghe. 

Khatiang taka Kumpinu sorkar laka nawrhna kha thleng lo sela chuan vawiinah hian kan chan hi Maian chan pawh tluk lo hial tur a ni. India ramchhunga leilung hausakna tamtakte chu an rutin an thiar chhuak tluk tluk a, ramhmul atanga hmanraw chi hrang hrang an siamchhuahte chu to tak takin min lei tir lehin an theih dan danin min rawk a ni ber mai. Mizoram ngei pawhin kan tuar a, kum tam tak chhung hnam kalphunga kan neih tawhte min thlak danglam sakin an thuneihna hnuaiah Mizo Lalte khan an awmna bial teteah rorelna fawng an chelh ve hram hram a, Bawrhsap thu loa Lal an awm lahin ban an ni mai thin bawk. 

Hetiang taka kan chunga thuneihna an rawn nei hi a chhan ber chu Scheduled District Act, 1874 dan an hman vang a ni a. He dan hi hmang turin kum 1898 khan an lo tihfel tawh avangin kan ram chhungah ngei chuan Kumpinu sorkar chu ram leilung neitu an lo ni a, chutiang a nih takah chuan kan Lalte ngei pawh chu an ram enkawl tur bik ramrite rinfel sak theihna leh a tul a nih chuan ban theihna thlengin thuneihna an nei ta a ni ber mai. Bawrhsap zingah pawh a hrohrang na deuh an awm a, a bik takin Mac Donald Sap phei chu a hrohrang a na ber hial awm e. A hunlai khan Mizo Lal pathum lai a ban hman a, chung Lalte hmun ruakah chuan Sipai Subedar Pension-te a lal tir a.

Zalenna hlut zia kan hriatfiah theihna atan Mizoramin Zalenna kan sual kha han sawi kai leh zawk ila. Kum 1966-ah India awpna hnuai atanga mahnia tal hran tumin Zalenna kan sual a nih kha. Kum 1954-ah Tripura leh Manipur-te nen chuan Assam hnuaiah District Council kan nei hrang a, kum 18 hnu, 1972-ah Mizo District Council chu Union Territory ah hlankai leh a niin hemi hun atang hian kan hruaitu hmasate khan India hnuai atanga talchhuah an tum ta a ni. Amaherawhchu kan hlawhtling lo a, hlawhchham let der erawh kan ni chiah bik chuang loin Mizo hnam sipaite rammut tirh atang kum 20 hnuah India nen chuan remna siam a niin Mizoram chu Union Territory atangin State ah hlankai kan lo ni ta a. India lak atanga talhran tumte chu India hnuaiah bawk kan lut leh tihna a nih chu. Nimahsela dan leh dun tha tak nei an nih avangin kan zalen a, zalenna sualtu kan hnam sipaite ngei pawh chuan General Amnesty (a huhoa ngaihdamna) dawngin remna kan lo nei ta a ni. 

India lak atanga zalenna kan sual lai chanchin hi ngaihnawm tak tak a tam rualin lung tichhe tu tam tak pawh a awm thei bawk a, zalenna kan sual chhung, kum 20 chhunga kan retheih ziate kha rethei tak rapthlak tak zawk a ni. Mahni khaw humhim nana sipai kuta inpe – Aithur V/C Secretary Hranglawta te kha ka ngaisang hle mai. Sipaiin an sawisa hlum thak a ni a, vawiin hunah hian Huaisen Chawimawina hlan leh hial ka nap a ni. Herhse khuaa Salvation Army Captain Kapliana pawh a letlingin an khai a, a mitah hmarcha dip an phul a, chutichung chuan an la vaw hrep zui a nih kha. 

Vai sipaite khan Mizoram chhunga khaw hrang hrang 601 lai an hal hman a, In ringawt pawh 30517 lai an hal hmanin Lunglei District chhungah In 7532 an hal a, Chhimtuipui District chhungah In 539, Khawzawl C.D Block huamchhungah In 3877, Serchhip C.D Block huam chhungah In 3395, East Lungdar C.D Block huamchhungah In 3232, Thingsulthliah C.D Block-ah 2331, Ngopa C.D Block-ah 1471, Reiek C.D Block-ah 1204, Tlangnuam C.D Block-ah In 1221, Darlawn C.D Block-ah In 1173, Zawlnual C.D Block-ah In 809, Aibawk C.D Block-ah In 341 bakah hian Aizawl khawpui chhungah ringawt pawh In 529 lai an hal hman bawk. 

Kan hmeichhiate an duh hun hunah an pawngsual a, mipate lah salah an chhawr bawk a, nunau tan ngei pawh raltia awm reng a nih bawk avangin kum 1986 a Inremna kan lo nei ta kha kan duh ang tak erawh ni chiah lo mahsela thil lawmawm tak a niin mipui nunaute tan ngat phei chuan Zalenna kan nei ta kha a lawmawm dan a ropui lehzual ngei ang. Kan zalenna hi la hrethiam lo fo an awm a nih chuan tun huna Myanmar rama kan unaute awmdan hi ngaihtuah sela tlemte tal chuan Zalenna hlut zia chu an hriat phah deuh mahna le.  

He Zalenna man hi a sang a, a hlu a, a ropui bawk a ni. He Zalenna nei tura thisen chhuah nasat ziate kha vawiina thangtharte hian kan theihnghilh mai thiang hauh lo ang a, anni zara zalenna nei kan ni tih hi kan hriat thar fo a pawimawh. Zalenna ramah kan awm tawh alawm tih vanga dan leh dun kan palzam ngawt a thiang chuang hek lo. Zalenna hmang thiam a, nitin khawsakna leh kawng hrang hranga midang tana malsawmna ni tur zawka nun kan hman a pawimawh a ni. July 26, 2021 niah Assam nena ramri hnaihah inkahna a thleng a, hemi ni atang hian Assam lam chuan ni 12 chhung lai kawng an dang ping bawk a, chutih lai chuan sorkar lam atanga mipui hriattura thupuan pawimawh tak pakhat chu ‘sumdawng te’n an thilzawrh tito lo tura ngenna’ a ni. Tunhma lamah khan hetianga thilzawrhte ti to thin hi an lo awm tawh thin tih pawh a chiang reng a, nimahsela tunah chuan sumdawngte ngei pawhin an thil zawrh an tih to phah ta chuang lo hi ava lawmawm em. 

Mizo khawtlang nunah hian ziak loh dan tam tak hman a ni thin a, chung zinga pawimawh ber chu kan pi leh pute atanga kan la chhawm reng ni bawk chu Tlawmngaihna hi a ni. He tlawmngaihna hi Mizo tawh phawt chuan kan nei vek tura ngaih a ni a, Biakbûk chhung a ni emaw ram kalna hmun a ni emaw khawilai hmunah pawh midang chunga kan beisei leh keimahni ngei pawhin kan lantir tura midangin an beisei ve bawk chu a ni. beisei anga mi an awm loh erawh chuan mak kan ti a, Mizo lo kan ti thin a, kan hrethiam lo thin. Zalenna kan nei tih avanga kum upa zawkte zahna ngei pawh nei ta meuh lo hi thangtharte zingah hian hmuh tur an awm ta fo maite hi thil zahthlak tak a ni a, chhungkaw tinte hian inzirtir thar kan mamawh hle a ni. 

Zalenna kan neih hi midang tana malsawmna ni thei tura kan hmang thei lo a nih pawhin midang tana hnawksak leh midang dip dalna atana kan hman erawh a rem kher lo a, Mizo upain ‘tawngkam thain sial a man’ an lo tih angin midang chunga that chhuah hi kan tan malsawmna a ni tihte pawh hi kan hriat thar fo a tha ngei ang. Eng ti mi pawh kan ni ang a, eng hnathawk pawh kan ni ang, khawi hmunah pawh kan zalen theihna tur chu kan duh vek a, an khauh lutuk emaw, bawnghnute chhuan vil ang maia min vil rengtute hi kan ngai thei lo a, hnawk kan ti fo thin. Chutih laiin chutiangte chu keimahni ngei pawhin kan lo mamawh zawkna alo awm thin bawk avang hian rinawmna leh dikna mai bakah taima taka mahni hna theuh thawh hi kan zalen theihna atana pawimawh takte chu a ni. 

Zalenna hlutzia hi sawifiah zawh rual a ni lo a, suma leh phak rual lah a ni hek lo. Zalenna neitu ngei pawh chuan zalenna a neih chu dan bawhchhiatna atana a hman a rem lo a, tangkai tak leh midang tana hnawksak lo tura a hman a pawimawh bawk. British awpna hnuai atanga zalenna chang kan ni a, chumi hnu kum 20 vela India awpna hnuai ata Zalenna sual ngam tawh Mizote kan nih avang hian hnam dangte lakah ngei pawh kan kimki ngawt thiang hek lo ang a, Mizote hi hnam dang telloa mahnia ding thei leh hnam huaisen leh hnam ropui tak kan nihna kan lantir fo a pawimawh a ni. Chu chu Zalenna hlutzia lantirna atan nise.